The process is also an example of the Peltier effect ( electric current transferring heat energy ) as the process transfers heat from the hot to the cold junctions.
2.
Thermocouples can be connected in series to form a thermopile, where all the hot junctions are exposed to a higher temperature and all the cold junctions to a lower temperature.
3.
The Peltier effect can be considered as the back-action counterpart to the Seebeck effect ( analogous to the magnetic induction ) : if a simple thermoelectric circuit is closed then the Seebeck effect will drive a current, which in turn ( via the Peltier effect ) will always transfer heat from the hot to the cold junction.
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